MERC
Medical Effectiveness Research Center for Diverse Populations

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Interpersonal Processes of Care (IPC-I)

A survey of patient-reported experiences with physician communication, decision making, and interpersonal style, developed to be sensitive to concerns of minority and limited English proficiency patients. 

The Interpersonal Processes of Care (IPC-I) Survey is based on a multidimensional conceptual framework of interpersonal processes of care (see citation below).  It is a 41-item 1st-generation survey and is available in English and Spanish for public use.  The following scales are available:

Domain

Subdomain

Communication
  • General clarity
  • Elicitation of and responsiveness to patients’ concerns and expectations
  • Explanations (of condition, processes, self-care, and medications)
  • Empowerment

Decision making

  • Responsiveness to patient preferences
  • Consideration of patients’ ability to comply

Interpersonal style

  • Friendliness and courteousness
  • Respectfulness
  • Perceived discrimination
  • Emotional support, reassurance

The items in the survey are based on a conceptual framework and empirical analyses published in TheMilbank Quarterly.  The IPC-I survey was developed on about 600 patients and met basic psychometric criteria in the total sample, which included African American, Latino (English and Spanish speaking), and White patients in a public health care setting. 

Citation: Stewart AL, Nápoles-Springer A., Pérez-Stable EJ, Posner S, Bindman AB, Pinderhughes HL, and Washington AE  Interpersonal processes of care in diverse populations.  The Milbank Quarterly. 77:305-339, 1999.

For additional information, contact Anita L. Stewart, Ph.D. at anitast@itsa.ucsf.edu. 

 

 

Item-Scale Correlations of IPC-I Survey

English Language IPC-I Survey

Spanish Language IPC-I Survey

Scoring Manual

New IPC-II Survey:
We have finalized a 2nd-generation IPC survey based on a new study funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.  The IPC-II is based on data from a sample of over 1,600 patients and was developed to meet criteria of conceptual and psychometric equivalence across four groups (African American, English-speaking Latinos, Spanish-speaking Latinos, and Whites).  We will distribut the IPC-II when the research has been peer reviewed.  Check this website for future updates. 

Funding Sources: 
The measurement development was sponsored by the Medical Effectiveness Research Center (MERC), a MEDTEP Center (Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Grant #HS07373), and by the Resource Center on Minority Aging Research which is supported by the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Nursing Research and the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health (Grant # P30 AG15272).

Last Updated:  November, 2004.

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